Tìm GTNN của bt
a/ \(h\left(x\right)=x+\dfrac{3}{x}\) với \(x\ge2\)
b/ \(k\left(x\right)=2x+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\) với \(0< x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
1)CMR: với mọi số tự nhiên n thì : A=5n+2+26.5n+82n+1
2) Với x \(\ge\) 0. Tìm GTNN của bt
a)P=\(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2x}\)
b)Q=\(\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{y}+\dfrac{4y}{x}\) với x>0,y>0
\(1,A=5^{n+2}+26\cdot5^n+8^{2n+1}\\ A=5^n\cdot25+26\cdot5^n+8\cdot8^{2n+1}\\ A=51\cdot5^n+8\cdot64^n\)
Ta có \(64:59R5\Rightarrow64^n:59R5\)
Vì vậy \(51\cdot5^n+8\cdot64^n:59R=5^n\cdot51+8\cdot5^n=5^n\left(51+8\right)=5^n\cdot59⋮59\)
Vậy \(A⋮59\)
(\(R\) là dư)
\(2,\\ a,2x\ge0;\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2x}\ge0\\ P_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
TÌM GTNN CỦA HÀM SỐ SAU:
a) y=\(\dfrac{x^2+x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}}\)
TÌM GTLN CỦA HÀM SỐ SAU:
b)y= \(x^2\sqrt{9-x^2}với-3\le x\le3\)
c)y=\(\left(1-x\right)^3\left(1+3x\right)với\dfrac{-1}{3}\le x\le1\)
\(a,\dfrac{x^2+x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1+1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}}=\sqrt{x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi: \(\left(1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}}}=2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1=1\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tìm GTNN của các hàm số sau:
a) \(f\left(x\right)=5+x+\dfrac{1}{x}\left(x>4\right)\)
b) \(g\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(3+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(x>0\right)\)
c) \(h\left(x\right)=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}+2\right)^2\left(x\ne-1\right)\)
c) \(h\left(x\right)=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x^2+2x+2}{x+1}\right)^2=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+1+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\right)^2=2\left(x+1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+2\ge_{AM-GM}2\sqrt{2}+2\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(2\left(x+1\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}-1\).
b) \(g\left(x\right)=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x}=\dfrac{x^2+5x+6}{x}=\left(x+\dfrac{6}{x}\right)+5\ge_{AM-GM}2\sqrt{6}+5\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = \(\sqrt{6}\).
Câu a muốn có min thì đề bài phải là \(x\ge4\) (có dấu "=")
Còn \(x>4\) thì chắc là đề sai
a) Cho \(x\ge2\). GTNN của hàm số \(y=\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{x}\)
b) GTNN của biểu thức \(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x-1}}\) với x>1
a, \(y=\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{x}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}}\ge0\)
\(min=0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b, Áp dụng BĐT Cosi:
\(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\dfrac{x-1+1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\sqrt{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}\ge2\)
\(minf\left(x\right)=2\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Tìm GTNN của
a) \(A=\dfrac{\left(x+100\right)^2}{x}\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^6-\left(x^6+\dfrac{1}{x^6}\right)-2}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}\right)}\) với x > 0
Lời giải:
a) Nếu không điều kiện gì của $x$ thì biểu thức không có GTNN
vì cho $x$ chạy từ \(-100\) đến âm vô cùng thì giá trị $A$ càng nhỏ (âm) vô cùng
b) Điều kiện: \(x>0\)
\(B=\frac{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^6-\left ( x^6+\frac{1}{x^6} \right )-2}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3+\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right )}=\frac{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^6-\left [ (x^3+\frac{1}{x^3})^2-2 \right ]-2}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x}\right )^3+\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right )}\)
\(=\frac{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^6-\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right )^2}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3+\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right )}=\frac{\left [ \left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3-\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right ) \right ]\left [ \left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3+\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right ) \right ]}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3+\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right )}\)
\(=\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3-\left ( x^3+\frac{1}{x^3} \right )=\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3-\left [ \left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^3-3.x.\frac{1}{x}\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right ) \right ]\) (sd hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ \(x^3+y^3=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)\) )
\(=3\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\geq 3.2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}=6\) (theo BĐT Cô-si cho hai số dương)
Vậy \(B_{\min}=6\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x=\frac{1}{x}\\ x>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
a,Cho x,y,z tm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+z^2=8\\x+y+z=4\end{matrix}\right.\). CM: \(-\dfrac{8}{3}\le x\le\dfrac{8}{3}\)
b, cho \(x^2+3y^2=1\). Tìm GTLN, GTNN của\(P=x-y\)
c, Cho \(P=\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-4y\right)^2}{x^2+4y^2}\left(x^2+y^2>0\right)\)
Tìm GTLN của P
\(c,P=\dfrac{x^2-x^2+8xy-16y^2}{x^2+4y^2}=\dfrac{8\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)-16}{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2+4}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{8t-16}{t^2+4}\Leftrightarrow Pt^2+4P=8t-16\\ \Leftrightarrow Pt^2-8t+4P+16=0\)
Với \(P=0\Leftrightarrow t=2\)
Với \(P\ne0\Leftrightarrow\Delta'=16-P\left(4P+16\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-P^2-4P+4\ge0\Leftrightarrow-2-2\sqrt{2}\le P\le-2+2\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{max}=-2+2\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{4}{P}=\dfrac{4}{-2+2\sqrt{2}}=2+\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=2+2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài a hình như sai đề rồi bạn.
\(a,\text{Đặt }\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=y+z\\P=yz\end{matrix}\right.\\ HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y+z\right)^2-2yz+x^2=8\\x\left(y+z\right)+yz=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S^2-2P+x^2=8\\Sx+P=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S^2-2\left(4-Sx\right)+x^2=8\\P=4-Sx\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S^2+2Sx+x^2-16=0\left(1\right)\\P=4-Sx\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(S+x-4\right)\left(S+x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}S=-x+4\Rightarrow P=\left(x-2\right)^2\\S=-x-4\Rightarrow P=\left(x+2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà y,z là nghiệm của hệ nên \(S^2-4P\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(4-x\right)^2\ge4\left(x-2\right)^2\\\left(-4-x\right)^2\ge4\left(x+2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{8}{3}\le x\le\dfrac{8}{3}\)
Tìm x, biết:
\(a,\dfrac{1}{3}:\left(2x-1\right)=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
\(b,\left(3x+2\right)\left(\dfrac{-2}{5}x-7\right)=0\)
\(c,\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(d,\dfrac{x-3}{2}=\dfrac{18}{x-3}\)
\(e,4,5x-6,2x=6,12\)
\(h,11,4-\left(x-3,4\right)=-16,2\)
a: =>2x-1=-2
=>2x=-1
hay x=-1/2
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=0\\-\dfrac{2}{5}x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-\dfrac{2}{3};-\dfrac{35}{2}\right\}\)
c: x/8=9/4
nên x/8=18/8
hay x=18
d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2=36\)
=>x-3=6 hoặc x-3=-6
=>x=9 hoặc x=-3
e: =>-1,7x=6,12
hay x=-3,6
h: =>x-3,4=27,6
hay x=31
a) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\div\left(2x-1\right)=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
\(\left(2x-1\right).\dfrac{1}{3}\div\left(2x-1\right)=\left(2x-1\right)\left(-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}=\left(2x-1\right)\left(-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}=-1\left(2x-1\right)\div6\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}=-2x+1\div6\)
\(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(\dfrac{-2}{5}x-7\right)=0\)
\(TH1:3x+2=0\)
\(3x=0-2\)
\(3x=-2\)
\(x=\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
\(TH2:\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}x-7\right)=0\)
\(\left(\dfrac{-2}{5}x-7\right)=0\)
\(\left(\dfrac{-2x}{5}+\dfrac{5\left(-7\right)}{5}\right)=0\)
\(\left(\dfrac{-2x-35}{5}\right)=0\)
\(-2x-35=0\)
\(-2x=0+35\)
\(x=-\dfrac{35}{2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9.8}{4}=\dfrac{72}{4}=18\)
\(x=18\)
d) \(\dfrac{x-3}{2}=\dfrac{18}{x-3}\)
\(x-3=18+2\)
\(x=20-3\)
\(x=17\)
e) \(4,5x-6,2x=6,12\)
\(\dfrac{9x}{2}-6,2.x=6,12\)
\(\dfrac{9x}{2}+\dfrac{-31x}{5}=6,12\)
\(\dfrac{5.9x}{10}+\dfrac{2\left(-31\right)x}{10}=6.12\)
\(\dfrac{45x-62x}{10}=6.12\)
\(=-17x\div10=6.12\)
\(-17x=10.6.12\)
\(x=-3,6\)
h) \(11,4-\left(x-3,4\right)=-16,2\)
\(x-3,4=-16,2+11,4\)
\(x-3,4=-4,8\)
\(x=-1,4\)
Cho biểu thức:
P = \(\left(\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}}{2+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{8x}{4-x}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(x>0,x\ne4,x\ne9\right)\)
a) Rút gọn P
b) Với \(x>9\), tìm GTNN của P
a) \(P=\left(\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{8x}{4-x}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(P=\left(\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{8x}{x-4}\right):\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right]\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{8x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right]:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1-2\sqrt{x}+4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{8x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right]:\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{4x-8\sqrt{x}-8x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}:\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{-4x-8\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}:\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}\cdot\sqrt{x}}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{4x}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b) \(P=\dfrac{4x}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(P=4\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+\dfrac{36}{\sqrt{x}-3}+24\)
Theo BĐT côsi ta có:
\(P\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\cdot36}{\sqrt{x}-3}}+24=36\)
Vậy: \(P_{min}=36\Leftrightarrow x=36\)
Chứng minh rằng với mọi x, y, z > 0 ta có: \(\left(1+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\ge2+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
Ta có:
\(VT=2+\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{x}\)
Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\ge\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{x}{y}+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}}\)
Tương tự ...
Cộng lại ta có:
\(2\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+6\ge3\left(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}}\)
Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x}{y}}-\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x}{z}}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y}{x}}-\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y}{z}}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z}{x}}-\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z}{y}}\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)